Chemical formulae, equations and calculations
When producing equations to represent the changes that occur during a chemical reaction, it is important to remember the conservation ...
Calorimetry experiments
The amount of heat energy released by a chemical reaction can be measured using a method known as calorimetry. Simple ...
Carboxylic acids
Carboxylic acids are organic compounds containing the functional group –COOH. The prefix of the names of carboxylic acids are based ...
Atomic structure
The basic building blocks making up all substances are known as atoms. Atoms are the smallest amount of any element ...
Bond energies
The amount of energy required to break one mole of a particular covalent bond in a substance is known as ...
All about ions
An ion is a charged particle formed when an atom or molecule loses or gains electrons from the outer shells, ...
All about organic compounds
A compound is made up of two or more atoms of different elements chemically bonded together. This chemical bonding may ...
Addition polymers
A polymer is a long-chain molecule which is produced by many smaller molecules known as monomers, joining together in a ...
Acids and alkalis
Acids Acids are substances which ionise to produce hydrogen ions (H+) when in an aqueous solution. The equation representing this ...
Acid-alkali Titrations
A titration is a practical technique used to determine the concentration of an acid or an alkali. In a titration, ...