Nuclear fission and nuclear fusion
The nuclei of some atoms are unstable. These atoms decay and emit radiation in the form of alpha or beta ...
Potential energy and kinetic energy
Any object which moves towards the ground has potential energy which is transferred to kinetic energy. The type and amount ...
Pressure in liquids and gases
The effects of changes in pressure can be observed in the behaviour of liquids and gases. The pressure exerted at ...
Radioactive decay
When a radioactive nucleus decays, the activity of the atom decreases. This activity never reaches zero as there will always ...
Reflection and refraction
Light waves are examples of transverse waves. They always travel in straight lines and, like all waves, can be reflected ...
Specific heat capacity
Temperature is used as a measurement of how hot or cold something is. Heat is used as a measurement of ...
Temperature and pressure
Kelvin scale of temperature Temperature is a measure of how hot or cold a substance is. Temperature is often measured ...
The Big Bang theory
The Big Bang theory has been developed by scientists to explain the way in which the universe came into existence. ...
The electromagnetic spectrum
Light waves are a type of electromagnetic wave. They are part of a continuous electromagnetic (EM) spectrum that includes radio, ...
The Doppler effect
When a wave source is moving relative to an observer, there will be a change in the observed frequency and ...
The life cycle of stars
The evolution of stars has many stages. Stars are formed, change into other forms, and in the final stage they ...
The particle model
Everything around us is made up of particles. The arrangement of particles differs in the three states of matter – ...
The solar system
The solar system is made up of all of the things that orbit our Sun. This includes the planets, dwarf ...
The properties of waves
Waves are vibrations (or oscillations) which transfer energy and information, but not matter, through a medium. Waves cause the particles ...